Astana, now known as Nur-Sultan (though this guide will refer to it as Astana for ease of recognition), is the modern capital city of Kazakhstan. Rising from the vast steppe, it's a testament to Kazakhstan's ambition and rapid development. Characterized by futuristic architecture, wide boulevards, and grand monuments, Astana offers a unique blend of Central Asian culture and modern urban planning. It's a planned city, designed to be a symbol of Kazakhstan's future and a cultural and economic hub. It provides a stark contrast to the more traditional city of Almaty, offering a distinct experience for travelers.